In order to select the best wheelchair for the user, it is important to first understand the different types and their respective features.

Self-propelled wheelchairs and wheelchairs for caregivers

There are two main types of wheelchairs: self-propelled wheelchairs, which allow the user to pedal the wheelchair by himself/herself, and wheelchairs for caregivers, which are operated by a person other than the user. Some types can be used for both, but here we will explain the features of both types.

Self-propelled type

This type has handles on the rear wheels so that the user can push it forward by himself/herself. There are also electric-powered types equipped with a battery and motor. Some have a handle on the back for the caregiver to push by hand, and some do not have a brake. The rear wheels are larger, approximately 20 to 24 inches in size, and are easy to move even with little effort. They are stable andcan get over low bumps. Since they are slightly larger than those for assistance, check the width of the aisle at the place of use and whether it is necessary to carry the user to the car.

For caregivers

This type of wheelchair is mainly operated from behind by a caregiver, and has handles for pushing and a brake. The rear wheels do not have handles like those for self-propelled wheelchairs. Most wheelchairs have relatively small rear wheels (12 to 18 inches), making them easy to maneuver even in narrow aisles. Another advantage is that they are lighter and more compact than self-propelled wheelchairs. They are convenient for caregivers who often fold them up and carry them around. However, compared to a self-propelled wheelchair, this type of wheelchair is slightly less stable, so care must be taken not to tip over when transferring a person to another wheelchair.

Types of Wheelchairs

Wheelchairs can be further classified into the following types according to shape and function.

Standard type

This is a standard type of wheelchair that is often used in hospitals and homes. The standard type has all the necessary components, including a seat, backrest, and wheels, making it easy for beginners to start using.

Multifunctional/modular type

This type of wheelchair allows each part of the wheelchair to move and the angle to be adjusted freely. This type is more functional than the standard type and can be easily adapted to the user's body size and needs.

Tilt and Recline Type

The function in which the seat and backrest collapse in tandem is called "tilt," while the function in which only the backrest collapses is called "reclining. The advantage of this function is that the weight on the hips and thighs from the sitting position (sitting posture) can be dispersed to the back and hips. It is also useful when it is not possible to maintain a sitting posture for a long period of time.

Six-wheel type

This type of wheelchair has two more wheels than the standard four-wheel wheelchair, making it easier to maneuver by hand because the drive wheels (rear wheels in a standard wheelchair) are directly under the seat. The advantage of this type of wheelchair is that it is easy to maneuver, even in a narrow space, and it can be easily maneuvered around corners.

Electric type

This wheelchair is equipped with a battery and motor, and is operated using a controller (joystick) in the hand. The wheelchair requires only one hand to move, so even people with limited strength can use this type of wheelchair with practice. There is also an assist type that can be moved even if the caregiver's pushing force is small. This type is suitable for people who frequently use a wheelchair on a slope.